Language in Use 33
This unit looks at the way in which language often has to refer to something,-
outside itself in order to be able to convey the necessary information. It explores
the limits of what can be done in words alone, and the kind of relationship
set up between text and object, when it is necessary for a text to point to
the object in order to convey its meaning. It does this by examining the
operating instructions which accompany mechanical appliances. The unit uses
as its example the text of dialing, instructions for STD telephones, but it
would work as well with the instructions for tape-recorders, sewing machines,
power tools with attachments, kitchen blenders or mowing machines.
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[1] The aim of this session is to examine the way in which the language of instructions has to refer to objects and actions which cannot be understood unless the reader has the objects in front of him. The class need the text of the instructions for making an STD call, from the GPO Handbook for Subscribers, Dialing Instructions and Call Charges. Ask the class to note the words that refer to an object or part of an object. Discussion should centre upon whether these references make sense in the absence of the object to which they refer. The class should go on to list the actions in the order in which they are given in the instructions. They should consider what effect this order has on the language of the text.
[2] In this session, the members of the class try to follow the operating instructions of another appliance as they are read out. The class should observe where the difficulties come and what kinds of question have to be asked so that the instructions can be followed accurately. Discussion should centre on the kinds of information which are, in fact, best conveyed visually.
Related topics are explored in Al, A8 and A10.